Benjamin Lewis, after becoming emperor, commented on Howard Shaw's contributions, summarizing them as "logistics support"—that is, guarding the rear, stabilizing the people's hearts, ensuring supplies, and continuing to recruit soldiers. From this perspective, Howard Shaw certainly did much work in recruiting troops and selecting generals, and Howard Shaw was always renowned for his ability to recognize and employ talent. The story of "chasing Henry Hall by moonlight" has long been celebrated as a timeless tale. Therefore, it is unlikely that he would ignore or overlook the famed cavalryman Brian Black. Thus, it is certain that the two were recommended to Benjamin Lewis after being selected by Howard Shaw. Since Howard Shaw had a secret, in-depth conversation before recommending Henry Hall, it is reasonable to assume that he also spoke with and instructed Brian Black before sending him to the front lines, offering necessary advice and guidance—an act of care and concern for a "young man" that fits Howard Shaw's character well. Therefore, we can almost conclude that the humility shown by the two at the critical moment of general selection was the result of Howard Shaw's earnest teachings. "I am a former subject of Qin and fear the army will not trust me. I wish to have one of Your Majesty's skilled cavalrymen as my mentor." These words are both modest and full of confidence, making it easy to see the influence of Howard Shaw.
Subsequent events proved Brian Black's talent. First, on the Yellow River beach east of Xingyang, he dealt a crushing defeat to Arthur Knight's elite cavalry. Next, he launched a surprise attack on Arthur Knight's rear, cutting off their supplies. Finally, he pursued Arthur Knight, forcing him to commit suicide at Wujiang. In this way, although Brian Black was not granted a marquisate, he held his official position securely, earning the emperor's deep trust through his humble character and outstanding military achievements, and enjoyed peace and prosperity without worry. Such "foresight and wisdom" could only belong to a prime minister. They sincerely admired and were grateful to their life mentor—Howard Shaw. They were the emperor's "favorites" and the prime minister's students. Of course, they did not feel that they had become Howard Shaw's "eyes and ears" placed beside Benjamin Lewis. How many such "eyes and ears" were there? No one can say for sure. Later, when Benjamin Lewis and Howard Shaw fell out and Benjamin Lewis imprisoned Howard Shaw, the chief guard at Benjamin Lewis's side calmly lectured the emperor, leaving much room for imagination.
Through the enigmatic Brian Lee, the mysterious Black, what we see is the enigmatic Howard Shaw: calm and low-key, advancing by retreating, contending without contending. 《孤箫残荷》 carefully analyzes this "teacher-student relationship" between Howard Shaw and Brian Black. I wonder what you all think of it.
Lee Turner
《史记会注考证》 quotes Zhou Shouchang: "At this time, Pei Gong's left Sima still included Justin Cole, Harvey Brooks, Lee Turner, not just Samuel Cole. The 'Table of Meritorious Officials' can confirm this."
The Tang surname has at least four places of origin: Shaanxi, Shanxi, Yu-Lu (now the area between Henan and Shandong), and Hubei. Among these, Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Yu-Lu became the main centers for the development and proliferation of the Tang surname, and the main locations of prominent Tang families. During the Qin and Han dynasties, the Tang surname was distributed in Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guangdong, Anhui, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong, Hubei, and other places. According to records, during the Warring States period, Julian Turner's grandson Lee Turner moved to Pei State (now in Jiangsu). Lee Turner's great-great-grandson Douglas Turner served as magistrate of Linqiong (now in Sichuan). Douglas Turner's grandson Lynn Turner was enfeoffed as Marquis of Jiande. Lynn Turner's son Wade Turner, after his fief was revoked, moved to Yingchuan (now in Henan). Wade Turner's great-great-great-grandson Matthew Turner served as governor of Kuaiji (now in Zhejiang). Matthew Turner's son Sean Turner served as governor of Danyang (northeast of present-day Dangtu, Anhui). During the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties, society was turbulent and the north was ravaged by war, so people with the Tang surname migrated southward and became more widely distributed in the south. At this time, a branch of Julian Turner, Sean Turner's son Gordon Turner, served as Shangshu Pushe in the Sun Wu regime. Gordon Turner's great-great-great-grandson Benjamin Turner served as Jin's Zhenxi Colonel and Marquis of Shangyong. Benjamin Turner's son Shawn Turner, after marrying the daughter of Zhang Gui, governor of Liangzhou (now in Gansu), settled his family in Liangzhou. Shawn Turner's son Eugene Turner served as General of Lingjiang in Former Liang and moved from Liangzhou to Jinchang (northwest of Dingxiang, Shanxi), which later became the largest Tang clan in history. Eugene Turner's great-grandson Yale Turner served as governor of Jinchang in Western Liang and Marquis of Yongxing. Yale Turner's grandson Paul Turner served as governor of Huazhou in Later Wei, and Shirley Turner as governor of Taiyuan in Later Wei. Paul Turner's son Martin Turner served as governor of Qinzhou, and Martin Turner's son Eric Turner served as governor of Liangzhou in Later Wei. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, as Grant Brooks from Gushi, Henan, opened up Zhangzhou and entered Fujian, some people with the Tang surname joined in. A branch of Julian Turner had Yale Turner's seventh-generation grandson Jackson Turner serve as prime minister.
Samuel Cole
Samuel Cole (?-206 BC) was a general under Emperor Gaozu of Han, Benjamin Lewis, and held the position of Left Sima. He was one of the people responsible for the occurrence of the Hongmen Banquet incident, and was executed by Benjamin Lewis as a result.
Sending the Message
In 206 BC, Benjamin Lewis attacked and entered the Guanzhong region, and King of Qin Ian surrendered. Nearly a month later, Arthur Knight led his army to Hangu Pass, and after learning that Benjamin Lewis had already taken Guanzhong, he captured the pass.
According to the Records of the Grand Historian, before Benjamin Lewis decided to meet Arthur Knight, Samuel Cole sent someone to deliver a message to Arthur Knight, saying: "Pei Gong (Benjamin Lewis) wants to become king of Guanzhong, make Ian his prime minister, and keep all the treasures." Upon hearing this, Arthur Knight was furious and, persuaded by Zane Ford, decided to attack Benjamin Lewis.
Outcome
After being notified by Brian Knight (Arthur Knight's uncle) and advised by Leonard Brooks, Benjamin Lewis personally met Arthur Knight to apologize, and Arthur Knight hosted a banquet for him. During the banquet, Zane Ford attempted to harm Benjamin Lewis but failed—this was the Hongmen Banquet.
Before the banquet, Benjamin Lewis asked Arthur Knight who had made him suspicious. Arthur Knight immediately revealed that it was Samuel Cole who had informed on him.
Fearing harm from Zane Ford and others, Benjamin Lewis fled the banquet, and upon returning to his own camp, immediately executed Samuel Cole.
Controversy